Lighting fixture
An electrical device whose purpose is to mount a light source (one or more) and connect it to the electrical system (e.g., by means of a fixture) in a way that facilitates its eventual replacement, to give the appropriate direction to the light stream, to diffuse it or to focus it in the right place through the use of, for example, a reflector, lens or diffusing shade. A light fixture sometimes also contains elements that allow this direction to be changed. Some luminaires change the color of the light for aesthetic or functional purposes.
Among the functions of the luminaire is also the protection of the light source from damage - the lamp is covered with a shade or net. The construction of the luminaire depends on the light source and its purpose. In places where it is exposed to dust or flooding (such as on ships, in mines, in industry), sealed luminaires with a high IP rating are used. Used in areas exposed to vibration (e.g., in cars), they must prevent the lamp from detaching itself. If required by the light source (e.g., discharge lamps), the luminaire contains a suitable ignition system (ballast - (choke), capacitor, ignitor).
Sometimes it also has other additional equipment, such as a twilight switch in outdoor luminaires, a switch with a motion detector, or a system that allows power reduction. A luminaire can combine functional and aesthetic functions, or be a decorative element only.